AFR high bandwidth zero-chirp F10 modulators are based on the Mach-Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) architecture. They are manufactured using the highly reliable titanium indiffusion technology in X-Cut, Y-Propagating LiNbO₃ substrates. The F10 is a single drive modulator designed for high bit rate advanced metro to long haul communication systems that requires the superior performance. The F10 modulator contains an integrated photo detector that may be used to set and lock the DC bias on the modulator as well as provide an estimate of the modulator output optical power.